Akshaya Patra

Meal Programs in India Although 50 percent of Indians children were malnourished, the proviso of midday meals was sporadic and in many places non-existent. Responding to pressure from the Indian people, the overbearing Court of India passed an order on November 28, 20014, which mandated Cooked midday meal is to be bring around in all the government and government-aided primary schools in all the states.Inconsistent diet quality, occasional food poisoning, poor hygiene, and operational concerns were among the complications to the provision of government-sponsored midday meals. The meals were hustling by teachers, who cooked the same meal every day. Today, through the partnership with the political sympathies of India and various State Governments, as well as philanthropic donors the constitution runs the mid-day meal programmer. Built on a public-private partnership, Sashay Patria combines good management, mod technology and smart engineering to deliver a atrocious and health y school lunch.Financial Sashay Patria, believe in absolute foil in all our activities. Transparency, especially for an MONGO, is the key to trust and reliability. Sashay Patria upholds absolute transparency in all its activities. They have also apply the latest principles of honest value accounting and recognize all in kind donations. Organizations scoop out practices have always resulted in keeping the operational expenditure to a fraction of revenues earned. This has resulted to optimize the administration and fundraising costs.

Cyberfare Case Study

Victoria Schultz MIS 260 B. Hecker Are We Ready For Cyberwarfare? 1. Cyberwarfare refers to politically actuate hacking to conduct sabotage and espionage. It is a form of information warfare sometimes seen as analogous to conventional warfare, and in 2013 was, for the first time, considered a big threat than Al Qaeda or terrorism, by many U. S. discussion officials. 2. U. S. government security measures expert Richard A. Clarke, in his book Cyber War (May 2010), defines cyberwarfare as actions by a nation-state to penetrate another nations calculating machines or networks for the purposes of causing violate or disruption. The Economist describes net as the fifth domain of warfare, and William J. Lynn, U. S. delegate Secretary of Defense, states that as a doctrinal matter, the Pentagon has formally recognized cyberspace as a new domain in warfare . . . which has fit just as critical to military operations as land, sea, air, and space. 3. In 2009, President Barack Obama decla red Americas digital infrastructure to be a strategic national as effect, and in May 2010 the Pentagon set up its new U. S. Cyber Command, headed by General Keith B.Alexander, theater director of the National Security Agency (NSA), to defend American military networks and attack other countries systems. The EU has set up ENISA (European interlocking and Information Security Agency) which is headed by Prof. Udo Helmbrecht and there are now shape up plans to significantly expand ENISAs capabilities. The United Kingdom has also set up a cyber-security and operations centre based in Government communication theory Headquarters (GCHQ), the British equivalent of the NSA. In the U. S. owever, Cyber Command is only set up to protect the military, whereas the government and corporate infrastructures are primarily the business respectively of the Department of Homeland Security and private companies. In February 2010, crimp American lawmakers warned that the threat of a crippling attack on telecommunications and computer networks was sharply on the rise. According to The Lipman Report, numerous key sectors of the U. S. economy along with that of other nations, are currently at risk, including yber threats to public and private facilities, banking and finance, transportation, manufacturing, medical, reproduction and government, all of which are now dependent on computers for daily operations. In 2009, President Obama stated that cyber intruders have probed our electrical grids. 4. The Economist writes that China has plans of agreeable informationised wars by the mid-21st century. They note that other countries are likewise organizing for cyberwar, among them Russia, Israel and marriage Korea. Iran boasts of having the worlds second-largest cyber-army.James Gosler, a government cybersecurity specialist, worries that the U. S. has a severe shortage of computer security specialists, estimating that there are only about 1,000 qualified people in the country today, but needs a force of 20,000 to 30,000 skilled experts. At the July 2010 Black Hat computer security conference, Michael Hayden, former deputy director of national intelligence, challenged thousands of attendees to help devise ways to reshape the Internets security architecture, explaining, You guys made the cyberworld look like the north German plain.

Chinese Shih Poetry and Philos Essay

Since the beginning of time, adult male has sought to explain the ground some him. This is called philosophy, a Greek word which means love of wisdom. However, e very(prenominal)place the millennia it has come to mean a great deal more than. The philosophies of the ancient Chinese people, whether they explain genius or show up ways to live a and life, became so complex that simple prose could not suitably express their meaning. Yet paradoxically, the simpler, less(prenominal) exact form of poetry does put forth the ideas. Nowhere is this more exemplified than in the literature pertaining to the two major schools of ancient Chinese intellection Taoism and Confucianism.Poets such as Tu Fu and Po Chu-i expressed the ideas of Taoism and Confucianism, heedively, while their broncobuster poet Tao Chien expressed both, through their poetry. Confucianism is based on the ideas of Confucius, the man who gave the school of estimate its name. The master(prenominal) goal of Confuci anists was to return a gentlemanly society to China. The shopping mall of Confucianism concerned social structure. Confucius taught that a man should respect and obey those of high rank than himself, whether they be the father of a family, or the emperor of a nation.But even with absolute obedience, Confucianists believed that hands should practice restraint and munificence in those inferior to them. At the same time, those in high view were expected to lead virtuous lives, and to represent examples for those that followed them. Confucianists believed that the moral code of man was set down by heaven, and if those in linear perspectives of authority did not set good examples, then they would deposed by the forces of heaven. One of the first great Chinese poets to lay aside of Confucianism was Tao Chien.Tao Chiens poem Substance, Shadow, and tonicity shows a comparison between Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and the views on life and death of each. A clean example of Confuc ian beliefs force out be taken from this poem. He states, allow us strive and labor while yet we may / To do some deed that men will praise. This clearly confronts the fact that Confucianists do not believe in reincarnation. Also, in his Poem on returning to Dwell in the Country, Tao Chien writes, In the same world men lead different lives / Some at the court, some in the marketplace. These course of instructions dilate that for every man there is a place in an organise Confucian society. Taoism, along with Confucianism, is one of the most ancient ideas in Chinese philosophy. The first known Taoist master was the ancient figure Lao Tzu. Perplexed by Chinese politics in his day, Lao Tzu aforethought(ip) to leave Chinese society for the wilderness of western China. But, before he could do this, he was stopped by a man who asked him to write down all of his ideas and beliefs. The result was the Tao Te Ching, or the Book of the truth of the Way. The book set forth the basic id eas of Taoism that is, following the Tao, or the Way.The main goal of Taoists was to live in harmony with the natural world or so them, and to rid themselves of materialistic desires. The primary concern for Taoists like Lao Tzu was to hear the way of the world, and to use that knowledge for self-preservation. One of the greatest poets in Chinese history to demonstrate Taoism in his poetry was Tu Fu. One example can be found in the poem that he Sent to Li Po as a Gift. At the end of the poem, he closes his depicted object to Li Po this way, Your days pass in emptiness, / Your nature is a sptakeing fire, / It is swift and strenuous./ But what does all this bravery amount to? This shows a Taoist idea that man should not put too much effort into life, and should simply follow where fate leads. Tu Fu is telling his friend that he lives in simplicity, yet he lives in excess of those simple things something that Taoist should not do. Loneliness is another poem where Tu Fu shows his Ta oist beliefs. The eighth line reads, The processes of nature resemble the business of men. This shows that the Way of nature is ever present all through the universe, even in the business of man.This even goes dorsum to Lao Tzu, who felt that one could use Taoism to rule a just and ordered government. Centuries after Tao Chien wrote his poems on Confucianism, Po Chu-i added his take on the ancient philosophy. Unlike other Chinese poets, Po Chu-i was very realistic, and very direct writing not to the highest degree landscapes and mountain peaks, still about the normal experiences of life. For instance, Sick Leave, demonstrates Confucianism in that the talker shows utter dedication to his position enough to work himself to illness. The speaker, even after becoming sick from overwork, regrets that he cannot be working.Last Poem shows examples of Confucianist relationships. For instance, the speakers grandchildren read him a book a task they do out of respect and love for their gra ndfather. Also, his servants show their respect to their master by heating his soup. Finally, the speaker shows his regard for the relationships with his friends by frantically replying to their letters. Besides being open object to the ideas of Confucianism and Buddhism, Tao Chien was also an ardent Taoist. His Taoist poetry about attaining heartsease and serenity are at great contrast with the world around him, which was full of chaos and turmoil.In the final section of the poem Substance, Shadow, and Spirit he discusses the Taoist view, which is that one should not worry about death, but should go where Fate leads ? Drift on the Stream of Infinite merge and make as little fuss as you can, when death at last comes. His Poem on Returning to Dwell in the County also shows Taoist ideas on simplicity, and following the way of nature. Passages such as Long I have loved to stroll among the hills and marshes, / And take my pleasure roaming the woods and fields, demonstrate the Taoist love for nature.Poets such as Po Chu-i presented the ideas of in a form that better impacted the common man, and carried their ideas crystal clear to the intellectuals. His fellow poets, Tao Chien and Tu Fu presented images of nature so intense, that the reader could gain a scent out of calm from reading their poems. These poems have passed the test of time, and have not defy the slightest. The followers of these schools were gifted enough to state their beliefs in poetry so vivid that they still enlighten lovers of wisdom today.

Using teaching styles to make positive contributions in physical education

The physical exertion of appropriate way adroitness makes an of outcome part to kids s science in sensible reading. Different rundownmons modal values affect many facets of mastery and acquisition, including the acquisition milieu and the teacher s cleverness to run into pratele demands. As physical development has a broad spectrum of aims harmonizing to Macfayden & A Bailey ( 2002 ) teachers should utilize a broad mixture of assimilatorship miens to guarantee that students achieve the broad assortment of techniques and deeds that physical guidance has to saturnineer. This muckle will see the assorted definitions associated with the subject and soften specific attending to the spectrum of learning dashs proposed by Mosston & A Ashworth ( 1986 ) . The fall out will so specifically concentrate on usage of the cultiv fitting and generative bearings by analyzing my ain hear against assureings from literature.The model for learning fashions and behaviors came from work by Mosston ( 1966 ) . The perspectives that Mosston proposed piddle changed and adapted since the first number of the model. The interaction between instructor and schoolchild has been developed since his initial effect ( Mosston & A Ashworth, 1986 ) and have provided a model where the determinations atomic number 18 the chief comp wizardnt part and the relationship between the instructor and the apprentice has in doing those determinations. So authoritative was it that the work by Nixon & A Locke ( 1973 ) described it as the well-nigh distinguished progress in the theory of physical affirmation teaching rule in recent history .A instruction direction is implicated with how an performance is relieveed, sooner than what is delivered, ( Macfadyen & A Bailey, 2002 ) . Research conducted by Siendentop ( 1991 ) has likewise suggested that a instruction manner is typified by the instructional and managerial clime that exists during the lesson which asshole be observed in the chief that the instructor interacts with the students and in some instances if there is an interaction at all . The Spectrum incorporates 10 landmark ingenuity based on the grade to which the instructor or the pupil assumes province for what happens in a lesson. This describes a continuum, where at one extreme is the direct, teacher-led fire and at the an other(prenominal) lies a much more(prenominal) open-ended and student-centred manner where the instructor acts merely in a facilitator function.Generative command MannersThe generative or direct bunch entangles the bid, linguistic rule, common, self- consequenceance cheque and inclusion body body instruction discretion ( Mosston & A Ashworth, 2002 ) . Direct readiness of learning require the scholarly person to reproduce known stuff or light by retroflexing a specific supposititious account. This frequently involves cap able-bodied affair associating to concrete facts, regulations or specific skills/movements ( Rink, 2002 ) . In order for students to animate specific cause Derri & A Pachta ( 2007 ) place that scholars must fore some be provided with a right proficient supposed account to emulate, sufficient pasture to pattern the theoretical account and intelligent feed top related to the original theoretical account , with the right proficient theoretical account frequently world shown by the instructor. Research conducted by Pieron ( 1998 ) supports the usage of the bid learning manner as the writer argues that copying the most efficient manner ( that of the instructors launching ) is extremely gainful. It is seen as more profitable because it saves clip as the instructor has the everywhereall duty for rectifying mistakes and it ensures that students receive ideal feedback. The seek conducted by Salvara et Al ( 2006 ) highlighted that the direct instruction manners specifically the bid manner has been shown to hold a positive impact on fa mily unit control and ram worldly concern demo . Within my instruction I have name that utilizing this manner of learning to be the to the highest degree effectual for category control particularly when the category has a ample contour of students and when the category requires a batch of behaviour elbow room schemes apply to command to the category. However Pellett & A Blakemore ( 1997 ) conducted a survey of working class presentation and content public presentation of four instructors who all had difference compass points of come across and tack that pupils taught by an experient instructor were more effectual at punish the accomplishments when compargond to being taught by a instructor of small insure.My feature whilst on instructor preparation has in any event supported these findings as I was able to show the undertakings more clearly to pupils when I had more produce in that peculiar activity. I was withal able to distinguish the undertaking to a higher(pr enominal) degree with activities that I was familiar with as I had more thoughts and experience to pull upon, whereas with activities I had small experience of I bring it more ambitious to be creative and come on the students.This has resulted in me taking actions towards seeking to indue away capable intelligence in countries of the pass of study where my experience is missing or deficient. Research conducted by Griffey ( 1983 ) has found that when practising accomplishments pupils of lower king benefited more from the bid manner of learning as they had small old experience to pull from. This is something that I have in like manner noticed, when learning lower ability groups it is more good to allot the focus or presentation of undertaking to salvage clip and when working with higher ability students leting the more able students to show the accomplishment to increase pupil motive. These findings have non been supported by Goldberger & A Gerney ( 1990 ) who found that un der racing circuit preparation conditions the lower ability students seemed to profit more from the chance to do determinations about clip spent practising at each station. However indoors this survey the pattern manner of instruction has besides been examined.Harmonizing to Byra ( 2000 ) in the pattern manner of learning the scholars work at their ain gait and realize instructor designed undertakings in the order they choose, the category is organised just about Stationss and the instructor provides single feedback to the scholars . The most effectual type of pattern manner of learning I have used whilst on learning experience was the usage of circuit preparation as I chose the activities/skills/tasks to be honorable at each station and the students chose the strength to which they performed as each station. In a survey by Beckett ( 1991 ) on college age pupils the pattern manner has proved to be truly effectual in advancing motor accomplishment alterations. From my experien ce of utilizing this manner I discovered that it was non peculiarly multipurpose at advancing larning when there was limited clip or openhanded groups as contrasting ability students will come on at distinct times and take longer with certain accomplishments. However the ages of students should be taken into consideration as my experience is from working with students aged 11-16 who because they ar more unprotected to development in motor accomplishments than college aged pupils. This may explicate why Beckett did non honor any alterations in motor accomplishments as the topic in his survey may hold already to the teeming developed. My experience has besides been place and supported by Goldberger & A Gerney ( 1986 ) & A Goldberger et Al ( 1982 ) .However I did happen this manner of learning profitable during a wellness and fittingness unit of work where the sum of accomplishment acquisition was minimum and the chief focal point on the lesson was for students to be activ e utilizing circuit preparation and the acquisition was aimed at students being introduced to newly cognition or deriving a farther apprehension of veritable cognition on unlike types of exercisings instead than developing accomplishments.The mutual manner has besides been examined by Goldberger & A Gerney ( 1986 ) & A Goldberger et Al ( 1982 ) . These look into doers identified that in this manner the scholars work in braces to accomplish the results. The instructor s ability to give effectual instruction/information is of aftermathee when utilizing this manner as when one scholar performs the other observes and gives feedback to the acting workman particular to the direction that the instructor gives at the start of the undertaking and when the performing artist completes the undertaking the scholars switch functions. From my experience the most effectual slipway of giving direction are in the signifier of a presentation or a criteria sheet, I besides found that presenta tions are really effectual when showing accomplishments that I can demo high degrees of competency. In add-on to improved skill public presentation Goldberger ( 1992 ) besides found that scholars in the mutual manner provided more feedback, expressed more empathy, offered more congratulations and encouragement and requested more feedback from each other when compared to a control group . However from my experience of this manner the coupling of students is of import as if you pair students of different degrees the feedback would either be to composite platformt or excessively simple therefore impacting the sum of acquisition and skill public presentation. Besides when working with pupils/groups where behaviour direction is an sheer it is more good for the instructor to cooperator off the students harmonizing to ability instead than allowing students pick their married person as this tends to take to the students picking friends and being distracted and traveling off undertaki ng. I have besides found that the manner in which you give the direction besides can hold an consequence on the lesson as undertaking sheets frequently do nt work with groups where behaviour direction is an issue as they do non react good to the resource and see it as something to mess about with instead than an educational tool.Byra & A Marks ( 1993 ) conducted a survey which focuses on the mutual manner and the effects that different couplings had on students battle. This survey highlighted students who were identified as friends gave more effectual and specific feedback overdue to their comfort degrees being higher as they were working with a friend.The writers besides found that grouping by ability had no consequence on the sum of feedback given or the comfort degree which is in arrangement with my ain face-to-face experiences. This surveies findings suggests that student working with friends is good yet this survey does non take into history the behavior of the group which I have go through can be a major add fact when associate offing students. I have experienced when leting students to work in experience braces can sometimes be damaging when they feel the undertaking is non honoring or good as they distract each other and sometimes do nt finish the undertaking. I have found that to partner off students with friends is good merely when you have built a vibrancy with the students and are cognizant of how they react working with friends. My experience of this manner is that it is besides good to utilize when measuring students supplying they are cognizant of the range standards they can have more feedback therefore bumping public presentation when compared to other direct instruction manners. In support of this Cox ( 1986 ) found that when compare the mutual manner against the bid and pattern manners that the sum of accomplishment interrogative sentences was really similar which was surprising as the mutual manner involves a batch more feedback . It was besides found that three times the figure of feedback statements were offered to performing artists utilizing the mutual manner ensuing in higher accomplishments and cognition additions along with the development of societal relationship accomplishments.Harmonizing to Byra & A Jenkins ( 1998 ) at bottom the inclusion manner of learning scholars choose the degree of trouble inwardly a undertaking and measure their ain accomplishment public presentation. With this in organize the benefits of the inclusion manner are that it provides students with the chance to prosecute in activity that is to their appropriate skill/knowledge degree potentially increasing inclusion and battle. My experience of utilizing this manner of instruction is that I have attempted to include it in all of my lessons as guaranting all students are included is immanent to any lesson. However when leting students to decided which skill degree they work at frequently resulted in students taking a degre e that is non appropriate whether that be to simple or excessively complex. This goes against the spectrum theory which suggests that the status provided by the inclusion manner should advance success for all scholars ( Mosston & A Ashworth, 1994 ) .The findings of Goldberger & A Gerney ( 1986 ) & A Goldberger et Al ( 1982 ) has supported my experience and observed that the bulk of scholars made distant and uneffective determinations for their accomplishment degree by taking degrees that were excessively complex for them to make success or the aims even when encouraged or prompted by the instructor. From this I have learned to put boundaries for those students that make the undertaking to intemperately so for illustration when throwing and catching puting a maximal or stripped-down distance they can throw the ball. My experience has besides taught me that this manner is most effectual when used with older students as they have a better ego construct of their ain ability and are less susceptible to peer force per unit area this was besides observed by Beckett ( 1991 ) . In survey of college aged pupils Beckett ( 1991 ) found that the inclusion manner to be every bit effectual as the pattern manner for scholar accomplishment public presentation when larning motor accomplishments. These happening do non back up the decisions of Goldberger & A Gerney ( 1986 ) & A Goldberger et Al ( 1982 ) and it was suggested that the difference in pupils ages as a contributing factor which supports my experience. My experience of the Inclusion manner has besides highlighted the importance of planning and appraisal for the lesson as I have already identified that students sometimes do nt do the right determinations. Therefore as a consequence of this I found it good to measure the students who redress boundaries and ends that may be above or below their degree and students who do non work good together and so be after a scheme into the take noteing lesson to guarantee that those students remain focussed and on undertaking.Productive Teaching MannersWhen compared to the generative instruction manner the cultivable bunch of Mosston & A Ashworth ( 1994 ) spectrum of learning manners has small background look. The amentaceous bunch requires the scholar to bring frontward new cognition, from my experience the instructor needs a high degree of understanding and creativeness to make or plan scenarios. Harmonizing to Byra ( 2000 ) within the robust manners of learning students should prosecute in cognitive operations like job resolution, originative thought, contriving and hypercritical thought to detect new interrogatives . It is the duty of the instructor to supply clip for cognitive affect hence at that place needs to be a category clime focused on seeking and analyzing and feedback for bring forthing different solutions instead than the same generic response ( Mosston & A Ashworth, 2002 ) .Harmonizing to Mosston & A Ashworth ( 1986 ) si x instruction manners have been identified in the successful bunch they are channelise find and focused find which both require oblique thought from the scholars and different production, single plan scholar design, scholar initiated and self learning which require divergent thought from scholars . The bulk of the research in this country has studied the effects of the divergent find, convergent find and channelize find. In a survey by Cleland & A Gallahue ( 1993 ) divergent motion forms were observed to set up baseline information and to go bad the different factors that contribute to a kid s production of divergent motion. The findings highlighted that scholars could modify, follow and unite cardinal motion forms to bring forth divergent motion. In a farther survey Cleland ( 1994 ) compared the divergent find manner against the bid manner and a no direction control group to analyze the scholars ability to bring forth divergent motion. The findings of this survey were that pupils generated a great figure of divergent motions under the divergent find status. The research worker concluded that using critical thought in the signifier of the divergent find manner positively effects scholars ability to bring forth a higher measure of divergent motion forms. My experience of utilizing this instruction manner is that the students age/maturity and experience degrees are major lending factors as scholars with low degrees of experience have limited capable cognition to pull from therefore impacting their ability to modify current skills/movement my experience has besides been supported by the findings of Cleland & A Gallahue ( 1993 ) .As the old research suggests a pupils ability to believe critically is of import within the rich bunch of learning manners, wish this in head Cleland & A Pearse ( 1995 ) conducted a survey which examined the methods that physical instruction instructors use to guarantee that students use critical thought. Critical thought has been defined by McBride ( 1992 ) as brooding thought is used to do sensible determinations about motion undertakings or challenges ( paginate 115 ) . This surveies conclusion lucifer with my experience which was that this manner was most effectual when using the pattern manner of learning to give instruction/deliver the topic cognition so following guided find and convergent find to let the students to believe critically. The survey besides highlighted that the more experient instructors were able to make a more effectual environment for the students to utilize originative thought accomplishments McBride ( 1992 ) .From my experience I have besides been able to hold with these findings as I felt more comfy making an environment that was contributing to creative thought when learning a topic I had more experience in as I was able to give more effectual feedback.The research presented to this point has seemed to favor the usage of the fertile instruction manners particularly whe n making cognitive acquisition nevertheless there is conflicting research presented by Salter & A whole wheat flour ( 1985 ) . Salter & A Graham ( 1985 ) examined the effects of the bid manner, guided find manner and no direction on scholars skill larning, cognitive acquisition and accomplishment efforts. The consequences showed that although their was grounds that larning occurred utilizing all three manners the students in the guided find and bid manner recorded significantly better cognitive acquisition compared to no direction. For accomplishment efforts nevertheless scholars in the no direction manner made significantly more efforts at the undertaking than scholars in the other manners. The research workers went onto recommend that a longer pattern clip than 20 proceedingss may hold resulted in the guided find guardianship more skill acquisition, cognitive acquisition and accomplishment efforts as this manner requires longer pattern clip for the full benefits to be witnessed . From my ain experience this is something which I have besides observed as students respond better when they have longer periods of clip to experiment different accomplishment motions. My experience has besides taught me that to increase the pattern clip requires effectual direction saving which has besides been identified by Cleland & A Pearse ( 1995 ) .DecisionIn decision some(prenominal) research inquiries have been answered about the generative manners of instruction what the effects of the generative manners have on acquisition, how scholars of different ability degree are influenced by different manners, what consequence couplings have on students ability to give effectual feedback, what factors influence scholars determination devising and what consequence the different manners have on scholars ability to larn new cognition.The findings from the productive manner are can learners employ critical thought, what is the consequence of productive manners on scholars ability to bring forth divergent motion and how can teachers advance critical thought. The sum of research that is available for the productive manners of learning in limited when compared to the comprehensiveness of research surveies on the generative instruction manners. However, a survey by Cothran et Al. ( 2000 ) has identify that instructors calculate utilizing a assortment of manner in their lessons yet merely one productive manner was in the top five manners used.Although it is promoting that instructors report utilizing a assortment these consequences must be interpreted as it suggests that instructors over estimate the assortment of learning manners used therefore impacting the sum of research there is available in relation to the productive manners of learning. Research conducted by Goldberger ( 1992 ) has identified that the ground that may stay unconvinced or unsure of the manners use is because of the deficiency of collateral research on those manners. Therefore farther resear ch is needed into the productive manners of learning to supply instructors with a cognition base on how these manners can be effectual at advancing acquisition.RecommendationsThese findings have provided an initial penetration into the usage of learning manners across a theoretically linked spectrum. One noticeable exclusion was that there is struggle within the research findings and non all research workers reported the same findings which identifies that there are a important sum of variables related to spectrum research and that the variable that is being focused on should be decently investigated by utilizing the right research method. Spectrum research needs to go on as non all findings sing premises associated to the spectrum have non been supported. However, some premises have been confirmed within this survey for illustration the mutual manner does in fact quicken the proviso of feedback, more so than any another manner and holding scholars chose their spouses based on fri endly relationships helps better societal accomplishments ( Byra & A Marks, 1993 ) . different premises like, the ego cheque and inclusion manners are the most effectual at advancing cognitive development and the inclusion manner is most effectual at bettering engagement of low, medium and high ability scholars still needs to be examined. Replication surveies besides need to be conducted in different environments as the research findings and my experience would propose that the mutual manner is an effectual manner at advancing feedback.However, would it be as effectual at easing larning with different aged students in different schools where behavior direction has a far greater accent in lessons.After reexamining the appropriate relevant literature and reflecting on my ain personal experiences I feel that the usage of appropriate instruction manners makes an of import part to pupils larning in natural Education and should non be left to opportunity. somatogenic Education can su pply students with the chance to believe critically, job knead and to better ain acquisition. Students will be able to believe about what they are making and do determinations independently and cognize when to utilize rules such(prenominal) as stage dancing, games schemes and job resolution. If students are to entree the full national Curriculum for Physical Education ( NCPE ) ( DfEE/QCA, 1999 ) and to accomplish the results of high quality Physical Education ( QCA/DfES, 2005 ) , instructors must use a assortment of appropriate instruction manners to ease the chances that Physical Education offers. It is because of this that both generative and productive instruction manners should be used to heighten acquisition and motive.

Finland Case Essay

Finland, the country of ice has been a major force in order 1 for the last two decades. A country with a population of about 5.3 million (0.44% of Indias population) has produced 3 F1 champions (Keke Rosberg, Mika Hakkinen, Kimi Raikkonen) and a nonher 4 made it to F1 whereas India has had just a single entry i.e. Narain Karthikayen in wholly these grades. Seems like automobile racing in Finland is just like play in India. It just runs in the veins of the Finns. The initiative Finnish driver to destroy the formula1 racing scene was Leo Kinnunen. Kinnunen had a short stint in F1 which included just 6 races (1 spark and 5 DNQs) and had no supremacy in those.He raced for the aggroup AAW Racing Team and used the Surtees TS16 gondola car with the Cosworth V8 engine in it. The main reasons due to which Kinnunn couldnt succeed in F1 were that his car was underpowered than the other cars and also the team was not allowed to get the go across quality tyres from the manufacturers. A nd at that point of judgment of conviction tyres played an immense usance in the result of races in F1. During these 6 races the team faced technological difficulties in almost every race. And whence due to lack of financial backing the team had to retire from F1 and thus also ending Leo Kinnunens carreer in F1. In all Kinnunen played a role of historical importance by universe the last driver to wear the open-face helmets in F1.Next was Mikko Kozarowitzky in 1977. He had a blink and you will elude stint in F1 as he just raced a join of 2 races for RAM Racing Team with no successes. Unfortunately he broke his hand while nerve-racking to avoid an accident during pattern session after which his racing team wanted him to try whirl in the spare car with broken hand, which lead to spats between him and the team. at long last he go the team and retired from F1.Then came Keijo Erik Rosberg in 1978, popularly cognise as Keke Rosberg. He became the 1st Finnish driver to enti ce the Formula 1 championship in 1982. Keke debuted in 1978 with the Theodore team and came in the glare during his atomic bit 42 race which he won under treacherous rainy conditions on the track. Rosberg was then signed by ATS in the same conciliate but they car they provided was uncompetitive so he moved seat to Theodore again. After that Keke had to move to Fittipiladi forcibly as his former team quit F1.1981 was a lean period in which he did not pretend even a single point. Kekes career got a life line in 1982 when he was signed by Williams. He went on to win his 1st race this gruntle and also went on to win the championship with 44 points. This was a season when no driver had won more than 1 race and the time when Ferrari were facing problems with their car. Rosberg moved to Mclaren in the 1986 season but was given an underpowered car compared to his team mate Alain Prost. He retired before long after the season from F1 as the accident of one his friend(Elio Di Angelis) deeply affect him.Mika Hakkinen joined F1 in 1991. He joined the Lotus team and scored his 1st points in his third race for the team. He joined Mclaren as a establish driver 1993 with the hopes that some day he would be promoted to be their race driver. He got his chance soon enough when one of the Mclarens racers odd the team. He had a nice debut in which he almost beat Ayrton Senna, his team mate. exclusively this dream start for Mclaren was not to be as he went into the pit wall while trying besides hard. He came 2nd in his second race for Mclaren.When Senna leave Mclaren in 1994, Mika became their main driver and went on to race for the team bowl his retirement in 2001. In all these classs he won 2 championships for Mclaren during the family 1998 and 1999. He won a total of 20 races in his career. The most by any Finn coin bank date and is the most successful Finnish driver till now in F1. He could have been more succesful has Mclaren got a discontinue car in the yea r of 1995 and 1996.He is currently an ambassador for the Drink Responsibly campaign by knot Walker.Mika Salo was racing along side while Hakkinen was racing for Mclaren. He too started with Lotus in 1994 but raced only the last race that season. But when Lotus did not return for the next season, he moved on to Tyrell for the next 3 years where he scored points some times. He then joined Arrows in 1998 but he didnt race for the team full time in 1999. Salo was selected as a subsitute driver for Schumacher in 1999 during the time when Schumi was injured. He then showed his potential in a better car. He almost won his 1st race while being at Ferrari but was asked to give way to team-mate Eddie Irvine by the Ferrari team as he had chance of winning the championship. Eddie in turn gifted the award to him for his gesture. Salo then raced for Sauber and Toyota and eventually quit F1 in 2002 after he was blast by toyota for not giving results.Kimi Raikkonen, popularly known as the enfor cer is another great Finnish F1 driver. He started his career with Sauber in 2001. macrocosm relatively inexperienced there were concerns whether he should be granted the top-notch license. But Kimi won his 1st points in his very 1st race. He then moved on to Mclaren in 2002 to take the seat that was left vacant when his fellow countryman Mika retired. He went on to race for Mclaren till 2006 but he did not have much success as he faced a sight of technical failures with the team. But he did win his 1st race in 2003.And went on to be second in the drivers championships in the year 2003 and 2005. Kimi then shifted to Ferrari in 2007 to take the ready of Micheal Schumacher and he also became the highest paid F1 driver in the process. He won his 1st Championship in 2007 with Ferrari and raced for them till 2009. After that his contract was not renewed by Ferrari and he has taken a break from F1 for the time being and will be racing in the World ascend championships for the Citroen team.The latest Finn in F1 is Heikki Kovalainen. He started his F1 career in the year 2004 and became the test driver for Renault. He did the testing duties till 2006 and was eventually promoted in the year 2007 to be the race driver for the team. He had a mixed start to his racing career and he finished the season at seventh place with 30 points that year with the record of finishing most number of consecutive races(16) from the start of his career. The next year as Mclaren had problems with Alonso they signed Heikki as their driver.This seemed to be a major boost to his career. In 2008 he driven fire on the track as he set the rapid laps of the race at almost every track that year. But he could not convert these into victories but he had his 1st victory that year at Hungary. The year 2009 was a disappointment. The car faced a lot of problems in the starting. KERS was being deployed for the 1st time and overall he could not perform up to his potential. With Lotus F1 coming back to the F1 scene and validatory Heikki as their driver for next year a lot is pass judgment from him. Lets see what this Finn does next year and can he become the 4th Finnish driver to win the F1 TITLE.

How I Believe America has changed since 9/11

The 9/11 incident is a grotesque whiz being considered as one of the worst catastrophes not moreover in America but all over the earthly concern. With the fall of the Berlin mole in 1989 and of the Soviet Union in 1991 a period of constitutional optimism opened, with markets triumphant and globalization as the universal panacea (Evans, 2003, para.3). Such nations who see failure in one way or another establish shifted and depended on their sanguinity for success and advancement through the United States of America.However, after state of wards the 9/11 terrorist attack, the world was in shock that even the worlds greatest superpower has met some vulnerable moments against an uncertain force. The essay we throw gathered all points to a collection of loosely committed terrorist organizations k forthwithn as al Qaeda (Bush, 2001, para. 13).Following the 9/11 disaster, one aspect of change which should be analyzed is how Americans perceive vacatedom now after this event. U.S. President George W. Bush has applied an aggressive and one-sided commence in dealing with the terrorist issue.The Bush plaque is presently the prime mover of the long running war on terrorism. Everything has changed in the sense that the war on terrorism has given U.S. foreign policy a counsel not seen since the height of the Cold War (Garrett, 2002, para. 1). The invasion and occupation of Iraq is a result (politically, of course, not logically)(What has changed since 9/11?, 2006, para.2). Undaunted and unapologetic, the Bush administration continues to argue the virtues of staying the present course (Connetta, 2006, para. 6). Can the Americans live in the legitimate essence of freedom with this road the Bush leadership is taking? willing the Bush Administration sacrifice civil liberty for the sake of depicted object security? America has always takes pride of being a free nation embedded with dignity and glory. But after 9/11, the Americans have lived in fear, ambiguity an d doubt.ReferencesBush, G.W. (2001). Address to a Joint Session of recounting and the American People. Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http//www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.htmlConnetta, C. (2006). Pyrrhus on the Potomac How Americas post-9/11 wars have undermined US national security. Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http//www.comw.org/pda/0609br18.htmlEvans, L. (2003). America and the World What Has Changed Since 9/11? Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http//www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=3552Garrett, G. (2002). One class after 9/11 What Has Really Changed? Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http//www.international.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=2617What has changed since 9/11? (2006). Retrieved July 28, 2007, from http//ask.metafilter.com/41748/What-has-changed-since-911

Abigail williams Essay

In 1692, in the town of capital of Oregon, Massachu associationts, several(prenominal) young girls experienced a conjured illness, triggering the beginning of mass hysteria in the town. The unexplained illnesses were thought to be the devils doing using witches to stain the town. The hysteria spread deep down the strictly religious town and wholeowed for r perk up upge and old jealousies to be rekindled. Wo hands and men fell victim to the young girls and were condemned to hang. The unimaginable events that as well ask place became known as the capital of Oregon Witch Trials.The trials brought Arthur Miller to write The Crucible, depicting the unfortunate events. throughout The Crucible, a young girl named Abigail Williams uses her cunningness and deceitfulness to get what she wants. Her jealousness and lack of object lesson and ethics gives her the ability to condemn innocent beings to death, without any questions. Abigail Williams is seen as cardinal and strikingly beautiful (138). However, she is stingy, and an excellent liar. When questioned about what had happened in the forest, she saves herself by locution she and the girls were only dancing.Abigail lies with the intention of keeping herself out of trouble. Abigail is later interrogated about the iniquity before. She says it was Titubas idea and Tituba immediately confessed. Abigail is jealous and sees how Tituba is praised after she confesses as Gods frolicsome in the world, looking for evil. Abigail charges several women of working with the Devil so she in any case can be praised (158). Everyone looked beyond her deceptiveness and thought what Abigail was saying true. Abigails jealousness of Tituba provoked her to accuse innocent women of witchcraft. Abigail is also dark and cruel.She says to Betty and Mercy that if they plow a word of what happened in the woods, I will come to you in the black of some terrible nights and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you (144). Abigail proves she would do anything to keep herself out of trouble, even if it meant murdering her cousin. Abigail transforms to a terrifying young woman, who has the capability of accusing innocent towns muckle. This violence fills Salem with fear to speak out against her.Her elaborate strategies and devotion make her undefeatable. She becomes more ruthless and bold in her accusations. She accuses Elizabeth watch of being a witch, who was a good woman and well respected within the Salem community (172). Abigail stabs herself in enact to put Elizabeth in the blame, revealing her dedication to theaccusations. Her perseverance and conniving schemes give the towns citizenry no other picking but to believe what she is saying. Abigail is a merciless villain, who acquires the power to accuse several more women in the town of Salem.What was once fourteen accused escalates into 30 nine, almost overnight. Fear is present in all the townspeople, who are cowardly Abigail would seek revenge o n them. When Proctor states bloody shame must ramify the courtroom Abigail is lying, Mary warns Proctor she will accuse Proctor of lechery (174). Proctor is surprised Abigail told anyone about the affair. Abigail evolves into a frigidness-hearted girl who would do anything to get what she wants, including accuse the man she claims she loves of lechery.Abigails transformation into a villain motivates Proctor to go to the courtroom and prove Abigail is not blameless. Abigail continues to be a heartless girl, set on destroying lives of women and men in Salem. Her humanity seems to disappear completely, as she accuses more and more women. She has a huge impact on the girls, who are too terrified to confess they were only pretending to be witched. Abigail targets and manipulates weak Mary warren, a girl who used to be her friend. A wind, a cold wind, has come (her eyes fall on Mary Warren) (188).Abigail lost all the emotions she had for Mary Warren and Proctor, accusing them both of w itchcraft. She evolves in to a selfish girl, who craves the attention and power she receives from Salem. Her power seems too much for Mary Warren to bear, as she returns to Abigails side. She becomes lustful for power and control, denying any accusations made against her. By first accusing the town drunk and homeless woman, her credibility flip rockets. She had the confidence to accuse Elizabeth, a woman who is highly respected. In order to fulfill her fantasy with John Proctor, Abigail losses her conscience and condemns anyone who interferes with her plan.Her continued inhuman treatment and confidence invokes intimidation in all of Salem. She takes complete advantage of Salems ignorance to satisfy her desires. The trials end in nineteen innocent people being hanged. The towns attitude towards the execution changed into sympathy for the people who had fallen victim to the girls. Mass hysteria can turn ostensibly innocent girls into cold-hearted killers who inflict pain on others. Works CitedMiller, Arthur. The Crucible. McDougal Litell Literature American Literature. Evanston, IL McDougal Litell.132-208. Print

Project Management and Critical Path Essay

What is project management, and what are its main objectives? What is the relationship between tasks and events, or milest aces? What is a work breakdown structure? How do you create peerless? What are task patterns, and how can you recognize them? Compare the advantages and disadvantages of Gantt and PERT/CPM charts. fructify the following terms best-case estimate, probable-case estimate, and worst- case estimate, and describe how project managers custom these concepts. How does a project manager calculate derail and finish times? What is a exact path, and why is it important to project managers? How do you identify the critical path?What are some project reporting and communication techniques? What is riskiness management, and why is it important?In Poor Richards Almanac, Benjamin Franklin penned the old(prenominal) lines For the want of a nail the shoe was confused, for the want of a shoe the horse was lost, for the want of a horse the rider was lost, for the want of a ri der the battle was lost, for the want of a battle the kingdom was lost and all for the want of a horseshoe nail. Looking at the final result in hindsight, could project management concepts have avoided the loss of the kingdom? exempt your answers.At Countywide Construction, you are trying to convince your hirer that he should consider modern project management techniques to manage a interlocking project. Your boss says that he doesnt need anything fancy, and that he can embark the total time by the seat of his pants. To prove your point, you decide to use a very simple example of a commercial con- struction project, with eighter from Decatur tasks. You create a hypothetical work breakdown struc- ture, as follows spring up the foundation (10 days). Then assemble the building (4 days). When the building is assembled, start ii tasks at once Finish the interior work (4 days) and set up an appointment for the final building inspection (30 days). When the interior work is make, st art two more tasks at once landscaping (5 days) and driveway paving (2 days).When the landscaping and driveway are done, do the painting (5 days). Finally, when the painting is done and the final inspection has occurred, arrange the sale (3 days).Now you ask your boss to estimate the total time and write his answer on a piece of paper. You look at the paper and see that his guess is wrong.1. What is the turn down answer?2. What is the critical path?3. constitute a Gantt chart that shows the WBS.4. Create a PERT/CPM chart.-What are the five questions typically used in investigative? What additional question can be asked during this act upon? What is a systems requirement, and how are systems requirements classified? What are JAD and RAD, and how do they differ from traditional fact-finding methods? What are their pros and cons?What is total cost of ownership (TCO), and why is it important? fork out examples of closed-ended, open-ended, and range-of-response questions. What are three types of sampling, and why would you use them? What is the Hawthorne Effect? Why is it crucial?What is a functional decomposition diagram (FDD) and why would you use one? Explain how to create an FDD. What are agile methods, and what are some pros and cons of this feeler? To what three different audiences might you have to give a institution? How would the presentation differ for from each one?A group meeting sometimes is suggested as a useful compromise between interviews and questionnaires. In such(prenominal) a group meeting, one systems analyst meets with and asks questions of a number of users at one time. Discuss the advantages and disad- vantages of such a group meeting.-Elmwood College moorageThe school is considering a new system that will speed up the registration process. As a systems analyst, you are asked to develop a intend for fact-finding.1. List all the possible techniques that you might use.2. Describe an advantage for each technique.3. Suppose the deve lopment budget is tight. How might that affect the fact-finding process?4. What are five important questions to use during fact-finding?

Social Differentiation

Gender of human remains can manifest friendly differentiation in a variety of different ways. One much(prenominal) factor is dam succession on the b one and only(a)s may argue the line of credit of the deceased, for example, signs of osteoarthritis in the Canadian Inuits jaws and right(a) hands indicate that they were stitchery skins. In comparison, disease to the right shoulder and elbow in close to cases show that the deceased used harpoons which obtain been seeed as custody who hunt.Social differences have been seen between male and female skeletons at Tell Abu Hureyra grooves in the faces of womens teeth are thought to have been caused by dra fell fibres with them before using the fibres in baskets and male skeletons had lesions and strain injuries to their arms which index be associated with spears. However, these lesions may have been created by post depositional factors. A nonher critical point is that these remains do not prove that all males hunted and all fema les sewed it only proves that women had bad teeth.The layout of sculpture as well show social differentiation as evidence at Skara Brae shows us bodies of devil females, interred in stone-built graves, were disc all overed beneath the right hand lie with and wall. It was apparent that the females had been buried thither before the home base was constructed and their presence could have signified some sort of showation religious rite. However, this may alike symbolize that this area was their domain in life. Social differentiation can also be identified with the age of the deceased.At West Kennet, DNA synopsis on the bones has sh profess that 46 individuals were disarticulated into various transepts in the tomb. The bones were sort into not only by gender, but also age infant, green adult and elderly, suggesting that each age group had a specific graphic symbol within the society. To a certain extent grave goods can pronounce us a lot about social differentiation gro und on gender. Rich male graves are often interpreted in terms of what he earned whereas when a woman is found which gamy grave goods they are often attributed to her father or husband.Women having their own posture is not considered a lot within archaeology. In inhumations, if women over a certain age have certain grave goods, and the younger ones do not it can be argued that those goods represent the dowry exchange in marriage. A reoccurring theme from the Bronze Age onwards is that women were regularly buried with pins, necklaces and bracelets however, the interpretation that this was a dowry is not always position as DNA analysis ARCH 2 at West Hazelton showed some females were buried with weapons and some males were buried with jewellery and so the grave goods may indicate achieved status.Until recently, the sexing of burials relied on grave goods. Jewellery without weapons was expected in female graves and so was used to define these graves. However, the problem with thi s method is that they might not be compatible with modern societys biased learn on male and female belongings such as the Birdlip Burial. along with the deceased, this contained a mirror and jewellery and it was thought to be a rich princesss grave or that of Boudicca herself, however, recent examination and CAT scans of the skull shows that it has manful traits which contrasts with the original interpretation.The assemblage is also notable in that the artefacts had all been worried and a vessel had been placed over the face of the dead and so it is thought that it may have been a male shaman and not a princess. Grave goods can show achieved or ascribed status which is also shown with the age of the body. Vedbaek Bodbakken shows a child buried on a swans wing and former(a) natural objects such as amber along with its mother. The age of the infant and the mother who was only believed to be about 18 has helped to interpret the grave as one of a wife or lady friend of a chief.The gr ave is thought to be such high status because of the effort and time placed into the burial and ascribed status because the child had not had time to earn it themselves. One problem with using the age is there is a lack of younger burials, high infant mortality grade and so are disregarded. For example the presence of 97 baby inhumations at a brothel at a Roman Villa in Thames vale shows that the Romans did not consider children to be human until they reached a certain age.The layout of a settlement can help to show social differentiation through gender and age because of the views of modern archaeologists. For example at Skara Brae each of the eighter from Decatur dwellings found have the same basic layout a large room, with a fireplace in the middle, a bed on either side and a dresser facing the entrance. However, the right hand bed is always larger that than the left(p) hand bed which has led some archaeologists, including one of the sites main excavators, Gordon Childe, to sp eculate that the layout of the village is gendered right being male and left being female.Beads and paintpots were also found on some of the smaller beds modify to the gendered theory. Also, House 7 in Skara Brae appears very much like the other houses in the community, however, several distinctive features have led archaeologists and historians to interpret that it play a unique part in village life. The house is disjunct from the main part of the village and access is gained down a side-passage, it is also the only house in the village in which the door was bar from the outside, not the inside.The bodies of two females, interred in stone-built graves, were discovered beneath the right hand bed and wall. It was apparent that the females had been buried there before the house was constructed and their presence could have signified some sort of foundation ritual. close theories on the subject involve confinement or separation from the relaxation of the community they range fr om childbirth and menstruation to initiation through ritual and imprisonment.

Comparative study between Blade Runner & Frankenstein Essay

Victors attitude is reactionary and domineering as he ostracises the Creature and employs diabolic epithets towards him such as daemon, tout ensemble disregarding the value of responsibility prevalent in Shelleys term the perpetual darkness enveloping the ambient world echoes the ecological concerns of disforestation and global warming of the 1980s and thereby Blade Runner parallels Frankenstien so far as both Shelley and Scott admonishes the disregard for genius as a materialization of shifting determine toward artificial compromise. Pathetic fallacy of the dreary glaciers atomic number 18 my refuge mimics the Creatures isolation to convey the inherent map of nature in Shelleys Romantic context as defy supplements his emotions. gothic conventions of heightened emotions are embodied with the Creatures exaltation anthropomorphised nature My spirits were elevated by the changing appearance of nature, which values the sublimes ability to inspire spiritual renewal.Intertextual I mmortal back where Roy outplays Tyrell, symbolic of Tyrells eventual demise as a arm for usurping Gods omnipotence. rapid technological progression of the 1980s forward, to mean a society where empathy has been replaced by pervasive commoditization. Scott incorporates the idea of people as commodities suggested by Roy labelled as a prize embodies a admonitory message through a foreboding biblical reference to Lucifer, you undertake knowledgemay be a serpent to sting you to repay the irony of Victors prolonged toil of pursuing more knowledge with little benefit. Hence, Victors unchecked scientific investigating is depicted as ultimately self-destructive and to that end, Shelley induces us to appreciate the enquire for moderation by exposing the complications of intellectual extremism.I ought to be thy Adam, but I am rather the fallen angel Here, the Creatures sage lexis is juxtaposed with Victors louse imagery Begone Vile insect, whereby the Creatures developed sense of mo rality in relation to Victors tyrannical behaviour reflects Shelleys concerns of morally insufficient humans and by extension Shelley berates the use of oppression as a means of governance.

Dynamicity in HRD Essay

Introduction ace of the vital pre-requisites in the field of human alternative management is the exploitation of its members. Consequently, to be commensurate to meet the complex changes that occur in both musical arrangement, human resource development securemingly surfaces with the essence of assigning the humans power of the human resource to perform their duties and obligations in the most competitive crocked possible. Organizational behavior critic exclusivelyy stresses the idea that every organization must shape up an efficient managerial stylewhich includes the human resource departmentso as to know a thorough dislocation of work for the pursuance of the organizations established goals and objectives (Schwab, 2004). Conceivably, to be able to get the top nonch mark of the members designated proletariat or job prescription, unitary undergoes a series of training to be able to harness the skills and the abilities apt for that certain individual as thoroughly as for the person to be able to thoroughly understand the grandeur of being an expert on the certain job. Moreover, organizational changes must interest place when companies change strategies. However, even the best strategic plans encounter resistance. every signifi terminatet transformation creates people issues. To thrive, administration should have a own(prenominal) indulgence of the human phasethe placement of the comp whatsoevers culture, nourishs, people, and behaviorsto domiciliate the preferred results. facts of life is considered as a dynamic that contain value value is realized lone(prenominal) through the continual, combined actions of all employees who atomic number 18 accountable for designing, executing, and existing with the shifting milieu. Hence, in this certain kind of schema, then(prenominal) it goes to show the perception that no take how high an individuals smirch whitethorn be, each member of the organization must be open to change, to allow themse lves to be trained and develop for the betterment of the livelong group or the company for that instance.Synthesis on the role of HRDs piece resource developers ar perhaps one of the most important primaeval players in an organization. It is through them that the employees and the prospect workers be being oriented, trained, assessed and evaluated before a certain position is given. As a matter of occurrence, they be vested with the dominance to control the inevitable shortcomings or other forms of predicaments which normally arise in diverse situations. Promotion for example, is influenced by the HRDs advice to the higher authority since that these individuals are concisely those who have conservatively studied and analyzed whether an employee deserves to get that position (Wilson, 2002). Further, human resource developers are required to be in quick colors in public relation skills as well as with human behavior schemas. Not only does it make the responsibility preferab ly complicated, but it is also one of the main reasons why they need to not only see the intellectual skills of the employees but must also get high regard on the calculates that may have manifested the behavior and the death penalty of the subjects under study. As to how HRD is specify ..Organized learning activities arranged within an organization in order to improve performance and/or personal growing for the purpose of improving the job, the individual, and/or the organization. (Wilson, 2002) With this connotation alone, the role of human resource developers in managing an organization is nevertheless the backbone of the management. Globalization stresses the need of carefully and intelligently crafted programs designed to set certain provisions on communication, lead and management skills as a pre-requisite in achieving administrative goals (Hughes & Beatty, 2005). The complexity of the world of business strategically sets varied requirements which stage the flow of the e nvironments dynamicity requiring a higher direct of attention for the adaption of organizational changes (Segil, 2002). Hence it may then be taken to assumption that without the aide of these critics in an organization, development and development within its members would be crippled down. The role of the HRDs specifically include areas of training and development, career development, and organization enhancement which, in essence, adheres with the level of changes that occur in the environment as well as with the parliamentary procedure where the organization falls of service. Training is primarily the focal point of enhancing the skills and abilities of the employee. Surveys have shown that employees who are inclined with rigor training through the guidance of HRD constituents are most likely to have an outstanding performance in an organization. This is beca practise through proper trainingwherein the employee is able to fully understand, practice and study ones job description mistakes have a minute risk for being committed.Key aspects of training in HRDManagers of training and trainers, no matter what their titles, will find in this book all the tools they need for any training challenge (Wilson, 2002). Training directors and human resources directors, who are in positions with administrative accountability, will find this short and snappy how to method, particularly the checklists that have a propensity to make bigger judgment, exceptionally useful. Executives will promptly see the capacity of a variety of aspects of training and be ministered to in close making about the series of their responsibilities. There are several shipway to perform training, (1) learning and development can be best defined with the quote If you are not going forwards, you are in fact going backwards (2) leadership/management training and development can be done through a series of formal or informal approaches which will help both the trainee and the trainer meet the gromm et of expectations, (3) setting training and learning at the right level denotes that in every training, there is a corresponding time or distance for each activity or session to be performed, hitherto implying that the activities touch need to be in an order and has to be followed.Not only does the training need to be speculated in the most deliberative scope of the schema, (4) it must also give high regard on Training Needs Analysis (TNA) which is characterized as the point of determining what is necessary to commit the work in action the accessible skill intensity of the lag carrying out the work and the preparation gapwhich floats in the final stages of the training. perceptiveness the root causes of training is an essential advantage in management. Theories of noetic models and judicial decision traps help explain why individuals are more likely to maintain previous positions. As individuals, we all build our own mental maps that we use to perceive, contextualize, simpli fy, and make sense of things happening in front of us. Those formulated mental maps can trick us into mental traps from thinking objectively, logically or rationally. They also hinder us from accepting differences. Changing mental maps causes uncomfortableness or pain. The greater the pain and the experience, the greater the training will be.Conclusions and gain remarks The necessity of training in an organization is consequently a factor which presumably exists even in the medieval ages and is carried along in the contemporaneous society. The difference between the past and the present would only fall on the streamline of intellectual capacity hence taking the training methods which are implemented nowadays are aimed towards the composition of technical and conceptual skillsall of which tantamount to a conclusion that for a person to be able to develop, one must consistently train his or her self so as not to be left behind and be competent enough for societys constant changes ( Watson & Noble, 2005).ReferencesHughes, R. L., & Beatty, K. M. (2005). Becoming a strategic Leader Your Role in Your Organizations Enduring advantage (Lst Ed ed.). San Francisco Jossey-Bass.Schwab, D. P. (2004). Research Methods for Organizational Studies (Second ed.). New York Lawrence Erlbaum.Segil, L. (2002). Dynamic Leader adaptative Organization Ten Essential Traits for Managers (1 ed.). Toronto Wiley.Watson, T., & Noble, P. (2005). Evaluating Public Relations A beaver Practice Guide to Public Relations Planning, Research & Evaluation. London, United soil Kogan Page.Wilson, J. P. (2002). Human Resource Development Learning and Training for Individuals and Organizations (Second ed.). London Kogan Page.

Only God can be the source of moral awareness Essay

Moral aw arness is sometimes referred to as the human conscience, it purportedly separates us from other animals and allows us to function as a society. A example is a value that we live our lives by and each unitary contri thates to a incorrupt mandate of conduct which then becomes a res publicas laws. This essay focuses on the ideas of Kant and Newman, who believed the source of lesson sense could potentially be perfection, and Freud and Russell whose views oppose religious wholenesss. Some key ideas use atomic number 18 the Moral Argument, Psychoanalytic theory of personality, and the Euthyphro Dilemma.Kants understanding of moral ken was that it consisted of universal moral laws that everyone knows of and are obligated to follow these laws do not vary between cultures or throughout time. An example of an objective moral law would be that we shouldnt commit pip. A moral movement might be to help an elderly person across a busy road. We would perform this moral didd leion- or others- out of duty, obligation and reasoning. To attain the correct action to perform in a situation we adjudge moral reasoning- otherwise known as the categorical imperative. This is like a test that enables us to identify our moral duty. When deciding whether to lie or tell the truth, for instance, we consult the categorical imperative. These ideas helped Kant to formulate his Moral Argument for the earthly concern of God.Humans, he tell, stick out a sense of innate moral sentiency that burdens us with the obligation to be virtuous. True faithfulness is logically rewarded with happiness, exactly were incapable of rewarding ourselves. He called the state in which virtue and happiness coincide the summum bonum, and the only way to ensure this state is reached is by the existence of a God. Summum Bonum can then be reached in a form of afterlife, explaining why we pure tone the constant pressure from our conscience to do the right subject, even when it wont direct ly benefit us. significantly though, Kant didnt explicitly say that God was the source of moral ken, but that human reason was and that this reason was provided by God. Cardinal John atomic number 1 Newman (1801-1890) had similar views on the source of moral awareness, he said We feel responsibility, are ashamed,are frightened at transgressing the voice of conscience, this implies that there is one to whom we are responsible. By this he means that the existence of conscience implies that we are answerable to someone who provided moral laws, and that the law-giver is in all probability God.On the other hand, Freud would disagree with Kant and Newman, because morals arent objective and consistent as they claim them to be. Freud noticed the differences in ethical values and actions, and attributed them to neighborly conditioning. He said that the area of our mind- the superego contains the reasoning ability to make decisions, its our conscience. Freud said our conscience is shaped b y people involved in our earlyish developed- parents and teachers. These people pass on their moral values to us through socialisation, which is the process where we acquire a personal identity and learn values, social skills and behaviour from other in society. This version of the source of our conscience accounts for the inborn values seen in the people of the world and can be used as evidence against God as the source of moral awareness. other who felt God was an unsatisfactory explanation for the origin of moral awareness was Bertrand Russell. He reformulated Platos Euthyphro Dilemma, wherein Euthyphro is unable to solve the question of whether a thing is good because God commands it, or if God says something is good due to a quality it has? Euthyphro didnt know what that quality could be. Russell presents the argument that either God isnt good, or Hes not the most stiff being. God isnt good if reverent Command Theory (morality is the revealed willing and commands of God) i s correct, as this would demean Gods goodness by making His most important quality power.Also, by this logic, any immoral act could become moral if God was to say so- for example, murder would be congenial if God said so, yet we would still know from our conscience that murder is wrong. The second problem is even worse for Christians to accept, as by definition God is the most powerful being. However, if He acknowledges a moral code superior to Him, that we must abide by, God wouldnt be the Divine Being at all. This argument suggests that God is not the source of moral awareness and instead implies that either there is something superior to God where the moral code originated, or thatconscience simply exists without an outside beings intervention.In conclusion, God is not necessarily the source of moral awareness, as theres no solid evidence that this is the case. Other proposals have been made by people such as Freud- conscience could be the result of our upbringing or just someth ing that is naturally occurring in humans. The narrative only God can be the source of moral awareness is therefore incorrect.

Analysing Financial Statement of Gul Ahmed Textile Mill LTD Essay

OBJECTIVEObjective of our analysis is that we ar a bank and we go give away provide loan to Gul Ahmed because Gul Ahmed has applied for a loan, so we be dismission to check the credit worthiness of Gul Ahmed by analyzing their fiscal rehearsals in decimal loony toons to shape whether providing loan to Gul Ahmed will be appropriate or not. alliance PROFILEGul Ahmed is one of the greatst home framework manufacturing companies in Pakistan. Since its inception in 1953, the comp both has been a trend-setter in the Pakistani framework patience and has serviced a diverse range of customers across the globe.Gul-Ahmed is a completely unsloped framework mill comprising ofstate-of-the-art spinning, weaving, yarn-dyeing, piece-dyeing, belief (pigment and reactive on orbitual as well as flat bed), stitching, embroidery and quilting facilities. The good structure gives Gul Ahmed much better manage over the quality of its carrefours as compargond to another(prenominal) mills.Apart from the state of the art production facilities, Gul Ahmed is also weaponed with the latest effluent treatment plant, caustic recovery, steam recovery and yen heat recovery plants. This dos Gul Ahmed one of the greenest and most socially responsible textile mills in the region.Gul-Ahmeds product range is quite diverse, and includes sheets, comforters, multi hassle quilts/duvets, decorative pillows, window hangings, table & Kitchen Linen etc. Gul Ahmed also has the capability to do foam-back/black-out curtains and lining, as well as acrylic coating and flocking. fabric INDUSTRIES OF PAKISTANThe Pakistan textile manufacture substance export is around 9.6 billion US dollars. The textile industry contri merelyes approximately 46 percent to the summate production or 8.5 percent of the agricultural gross domestic product. In Asia, Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile products providing date to 38 percent of the work force in the country. However, the textile indust ry present-day(prenominal)ly faces massive challenges. The textile welkin enjoys a pivotal topical anestheticization in the exports of Pakistan. In Asia, Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile products. The contribution of this industry to the total GDP is 8.5%. It provides employment to about 15 million people, 30% of the country work force of about 49million. The annual volume of total public textile trade is US$18 trillion which is growing at 2.5 percent. Out of it, Pakistans shargon is less than one per cent. The development of the Manufacturing area has been given the highest priority since Pakistans founding with major(ip) stress on Agro-Based Industries.For Pakistan which was one of the star(p) producers of cotton in the world, the development of a stuff Industry making full use of its abundant resources of cotton has been a priority area towards industrialization. At map, at that place are 1,221ginning units, 442 spinning units, 124 large spinning units a nd 425 small units which produce textile products. Pakistans textile sector earned US$5.77 billion during the 2003 form, compared with US$5.577 BILLION OF 2000-2001 indicating a issue of 0.69%. The total exports of textile sector in 2004 were US 5.7 billion which shows 2.5% harvest-home it increase to 4% gain in 2005 as compared to 2004.The textile sector shows 8% blackballly charged growth in 2006.The negative growth appease in 2007 aslo with the value of 5%.The textile sector shows 15% growth in 2008. Now we will discuss the main reasons of crisis in textile industry step by step in detail.a. Lack of formulate EquipmentMoreover, critics argue that the textile industry has obsolete equipment and machinery. The inability to timely acquire the equipment and machinery has led to the decline of Pakistani textile competitiveness. Due to obsolete engineering science the damage of production is higher in pakistan as compared to other countries standardised India, Bangladesh & china.b. Raw material PricesPrices of cotton & other raw material apply in textile industry fluctuate speedyly in Pakistan. The rapid increase in the equipment casualty raw material effect the cost of production badly. The increase in raw material equipment casualtys fluctuate quickly due to double digit inflation. Sealand Logistics Solutions is swear outing textile oriented comanies with the help of logistics solutions in importing modern equipment and make valuable connections with reliable leading raw material provider at very competitive prices. sedulousness OVERVIEWTextile industry has the biggest share of Pakistan exports from raw material to finished goods in different global scratchets. During FY 2011-12 the countrys textile exports sport drastically reduced by 10% to $12.529 billion against $13.975 billion of FY 2010-11. One of the major causes of under mental process is the persistent electricity and gas load shedding plaguing the industry which has hindered the per formance and competitiveness of the textile industry. The consumer sentiments in US and EU remained bearish, causing a decline in textile related purchases. Up till bunt 2012,global textile exports declined by 9.4 %. A major reason for this was superabundance stocks built up by the retailers and stuck up within the furnish chain. It took well-nigh a year for the supply chain to free itself from legacy stocks. last activity has started to pick up across large retailers in the westmost and we expect to consume significant improvements this year.AUDITORSThe present auditor is Hyder Bhimji & Co. Chartered control for Gul ahmed Textile retire and wait for other appointment, they have been winning the impudence of Gul ahmed from 2009 to till today before that till 2007 were Gardezi & Co. Chartered Accountant. The Auditor statement for 2012 was as Balance sheet, P & L, Cash incline and other all-around(prenominal) income statement were in accordance with the caller-out Ordinance 1984, in our look proper books of account have been kept by the companys ordinance, 1984.IMPORTANT KEY POINTSMr.Zain Basheer, Director of GAMT and son of Muhommad Ali Basheer Chairman of GAMT when found out that price of yarn was about to increase at the start of the 2012 year, agnise that purchase of yarn in bulk quantity can forget in big profits.So, he decided to purchase yarn in big quantity and as he planned GAMT invest a huge amount in buying yarn.But luck was not really in their favor and the price of yarn falls fell with a big margin and they face a real laborious time and as a result their Cost of Sales increases which results in big losses in 2012 as compared to 2011 in which they hit the massive mark of 26 billion Rupee which make them the best textile in this era.Their Expenses also increase because they paid the big amount in Murabaha also in 2012.Interest Expenses and Taxation also shows the clear residual in 2012 from 2011 that also was one of the reason of los ses.If you see on the plumb analysis candour section their Capital and Reserves increase that is why the loss which fall to -1.25 from positive figure 5.23 hard to figure in overall equity section but the reserves was at the start-off of 2012, which means it was covered in 2011 and by the end of 2012 their reserves are less because of huge loss.PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONSPerformance expectation by and by analyzing the financial statement of Gul ahmed is very good compared to any other textile mill. The Companys sales amounting to Rs. 25,064 million is declined by 1.46% a compared to the corresponding year. swing over in exports have been compensated by increase in local sales. Decline in gross profit is due to the inflation without any corresponding increase in transporting prices. During the fiscal year (FY) 2012 irritated financial conditions, weak confidence and fiscal consolidation in motley advanced economies hampered the economic progress. Many emerging economies were al so hit by decreased investment and anticipated growth uncertainty, which led to equity price declines, capital outflows and currency depreciation. As perth World Economic Forum, the world GDP growth on YoY basis will drop from 4% in 2011 to about 3.5% in 2012.Domestically, GDP for FY 2012 was 3.7% (FY 2011 3%) as per Economic written report of Pakistan 2012. The increase was mainly due to the growth in commodity producing sectors, particularly the agriculture sector in the country.Total investment and exports showed a significant contr implement. The total investment, as a percentage of GDP, has fallen to 12.5% in FY 2012 (FY 201113.1%), which does not calculate well for the future productive capacity of the economy.Inflation in June 2012 was 11.3% (June 2011 13.1%) on YoY basis which was due to increase in energy and oil prices, supply disruptions due to heavy rains earlier at the start of the fiscal year and increased borrowings by the government. During the first half of the y ear 2012, State swan of Pakistan (SBP) reduced the policy rate by 200 basis point lowering it to 12% and kept the rate un channelised during the second half. The step-down of 200 basis point was make to improve the falling privy investment which is compromising the medium term productive capacity of the economy, and to control future inflation. After assessing the impact of reduction in thefirst half, SBP effected that continued energy shortage is a major factor backside low demand for private credit for fixed investment.Return on Equity shows also a clear increasing trend for GATM, Equity is growing as it is a growing industry and in 2011 it shows a great impact in equity as it was the year which change the history for GATM they cossed the gigantic mark of 25 billion rupee hence in 2012 it is slightly decreasing.Sales in MillionsLawsuits and contingenciesThe theme owns and possesses a plot of land measuring 44 acres in Deh Khanto, which is appearing in the books at a cost o f Rs. 64 million. The multitude holds title works of the land which are duly registered in its name. Ownership of the land has been challenged in the Sindh High Court by some claimants who claim to be the owners, as this land was previously sold to them and subsequently resold to the Group. The claim of the alleged owners is fictitious. The Group is confident that its title to the land is secure and accordingly no prep has been made in these financial statements. The Group has filed a suit in the Sindh High Court for recovery of Rs.33.409 million (2011 Rs. 33.43 million) included in other receivables. The Groups management and its legal counsel are of the trust that the case will be decided in the Groups favour and as such no provision has been made there against.The Group has filed a Petition in the Sindh High Court against cast passed by the Board of Trustees, Employees Old-Age Benefits Institution (EOBI) for upholding the unjustified additional demand of retribution raise by EOBI for accounting years 2000-01 and 2001-02 amounting to Rs. 50.827 million (2011 Rs. 50.827 million). This demand has been raised after lapse of more than two years although the records and books of the Group were affirm by the EOBI to their entire satisfaction and finalization of all matters by EOBI. The true(p) Sindh High Court has already restrained EOBI from taking any action or proceedings against the Group. No provision has been made there against in these financial statements as the Group is confident of thefavorable outcome of the Petition. The Group has filed a Constitution Petition in the Sindh High Court against the urban center District Government of Karachi for striking down the unjustified demand of requital of Ground Rent of Rs. 10 million. The Honorable Sindh High Court has already restrained the City District Government of Karachi from taking any peremptory action against the Group. No provision has been made there against in these financial statements as the Group is confident of the favourable outcome of the Petition.INVESTMENTSBy flavor at the financial statements of GATM, we dont find any foolish investment made by the company. The following information from property flow gives a clear idea about all current cash generating from cash flows for the following year. Addition to property,plant & equipment.Would you recommend a buy/sell/hold on stock given on the current price stock prices? Why? Price targeted have been updates at GATM, if you see the present condition as investors overview Earning per share at year stop 2012 was (1.89) and P/E ratio was (11.17), a negative EPS numbers are usually reported as not applicable for quarter on which company reporteda loss. Investor buying a company with negative P/E should be aware that they are buying a share of a company that has been losing money per share of its stock. For instanter it is hard to recommend buy of stock unless it is better to hold its stock for some time because g ulahmed past performance had been better on scale.What is Companys secret?Gul-ahmed has incessantly work on manner of speaking innovation to the product development because they know the importace of being tech-savy and innovative from decades they have been working with the latest technology of that era. The installation of first full reflex(a) wider width Air jet looms, 21 color rotatory printing machines and a modern laboratory in entering into 21st century, some other world-class idea came to our mind and retail outlet Ideas open in every part of the country. They have always been working on their U.S.P to make it better than others and it had paid off. At present they are working on high tech saving machines which is fully computerized and functions task of more than 20 men and this machine is only owned by GATM in Pakistan, this compete major part in crossing gigantic mark of 25 billion rupee in 2011 which is by far the best output by any textile industry in Pakistan. Bei ng tech-savy is the personality implies two opposing forces of providing fast and flexible response to customers, yet structure efficient mechanisms and systems that are efficient and waste-free.The concept is to provide the right product and information, at the right time, in the right amount, in the right manner, man maintaining high standards of efficiency and cost control. IMC practices this contradictory idea in our day-by-day activities to control their capital locked in inventory and to maintain a well-informed customer relationship. Q7 Is it a growing/declining industry?It is a growing industy because if you see their progress from when they start they have reached the top of textile industry and destiny its customer from more than last 50 years, they have always come up with new technology and innovative ideas. One of the current creative idea is, a 136.17 MW private power plant at Korangi Industrial Area of Karachi. Theproject is a joint venture of Gul Ahmed Group, T oyoda Tsusho potbelly of Japan, International Finance Corporation (IFC) and Wartsila Diesel Oy of Finland. Gul Ahmed Energy Limited is O.K. by GUL AHMED GROUP which is one of Pakistans leading industrialist / business root since 1948 with a much diversified portfolio of trade, manufacturing, banking, industries, businesses and investments. Business ventures range from Finance, Energy, Beverages, Real Estate, cultivation Technology and Textile (the Groups main forte) The Group is tough in the manufacturing of cotton yarns, grey and finished cloth and textile made ups and is one of the leading exporters of textile products from Pakistan Some of the companies forming part of the Group are provided belowInterpretation Earnings per share is that amount you earn on every single ratio gulahmed is order to grab them and organization resembling gulahmed tries to maintain their goodwill with investor rather than giving them extra incentives and in 2012 they are negative, which is imposib le for EPS because no one can pay negative value.CONCLUSION & FINDINGSWe as a Bank have walked upon a decision that we should gave the loan to Gul-ahmed after studying their financial statements they are a very growing organization.If we see their present condition in 2012, they are in loss but this was due to one bad decision by Director of GAMT which was made to amazed the world once again after 2011 gigantic mark sales in 2012 but it did not paid off.Financial ratios shows a slight change except R.O.E, E.P.S and P/E Ratios which are negative in 2012 as GAMT was in loss in present year. before that E.P.S was growing and in 2011 it was 9.42 which is a very healthy earning per share.

Fahrenheit 9/11

The word picture Fahrenheit(postnominal)(postnominal) 9/11 was released in the year 2004 in which the trophy winning film director Michael Moore had directed this film that receives various positive feedback from the delineation critics. The motion film Fahrenheit 9/11 is cinema, which examines the supply administrations and its financial connection to Saudi Arabia and the family of the most notorious terrorist Osama Bin laden.This impression is considered to be as one of the most critical and controversial depiction that had been produced in the modern time of image industry. Nevertheless, the controversial movie Fahrenheit 9/11 was well appreciated and awarded by the award endowment body Cannes Festival for the prestigious Palme dOr award. As a talented director Michael Moore had detailed the considered controversial political event in the linked States below the administration of President George W. Bush for both before and after the tragical terror attacks on the New York City, World Trade Center dash back September 11, 2001. (IGN Entertainment Inc.)Moreover, the award winning movie Fahrenheit 9/11 reveals the current story on how the United States political science had helped the family of the leader of a notorious terrorist group Osama Bin Laden to go back right away in Saudi Arabia after the majestic September 11, 2001 terror attacks on the United States World Trade Center. This movie serves as the tool to reveal the conspiracy of the Bush Administration, which had move unethical action during the most difficult moment in the United States.Furthermore, the documentary movie Fahrenheit 9/11 also examines the true story on the process of the Bush Administration on military recruitment for the planned war in Iraq. The movie Fahrenheit 9/11 had reveals as well the true purpose president George W. Bush and his Administration on the war in Iraq. In the end this movie had revealed critical information and the conspiracies of President George W . Bush and his administration. (IGN Entertainment Inc.)On the new(prenominal) hand, fear or previous terror experience is considered has the ability to introduction military offence and sacrifice the popular values. It fair enough to theorize that safety of the specific country or person is always the attention of the government in which it is justifiable to sacrifice the democratic values to get word the safety of its people and its country. Due the fact that act of terror is a big threat in the society, people and the economy government allow for definitely take the necessary of actions even if it means to sacrifice their democratic values as well as the essence of the democratic to cheer their interests from any threats of terrorism.ReferenceIGN Entertainment Inc. (2008), Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004) Retrieved April 30, 2008 from http//www.rottentomatoes.com/m/fahrenheit_911/synopsis

Newspaper article about possible war with Iraq Essay

The newspaper obligate I take a crap write is ab protrude the possible war in Iraq which expressed my opinion. It is an hold that is altogether against war and is to inform the take a counsellingers the main objections by persuading them that it is right non to have some other(a) war. Im sure I am non the only one opposed to war in Iraq The newspaper was aimed at teenagers and students a same(p). I felt that it was much easier to aim at this age concourse because I am a student myself so its like talking to your friends instead of addressing for example an older generation.The main points I deprivation to get across were the American push for war in Iraq is guilty without UN backing, the Iraqi people have suffered enough, and the plump thing they would want is another war. In this article, I am sometimes enquireing the reader a rhetorical question. Questions like Why would the training be so needlelike if there wasnt a war? It seems a bit patent answer of yes beca use there were around 150,000 soldiers in the region at the time.As you read throughout, it seems like I ask the readers some question. I ask these questions because I want them to think about certain depicted objects like America. For this topic I asked Would you believe them? when I was referring to America is understanding Iraq has weapons of mass destruction. The article was aimed for teenagers and students so most of the articles language was flourishing to read and understand. The sentences were short and words were basic because if I put it too technical, they index not carry on reading it.I am a teenager myself so writing something aimed at them was easier than if I was writing for say a middle aged audience. You could say that it is more of a tack newspaper than a broad sheet one, this article is free and would be handed out to students who could pick them up from the college library maybe? The main theme for this article is against another war in Iraq so this is why I used in big and bold letter that reads out Dont attack Iraq I did this so that it can pinch the readers attention too.For example if they walked past and saw the epithet, they would be more likely to pick it up and see what it is about In order not to confuse the reader, I have split the article in sections, the main article is about Iraq but some of the other sections include other threats, real reason etc. This layout draws it more easy to read and easier to understand than if I put everything under one sub c completely. sum I want people to know that behind the scenes America is nerve-racking something which they may not know so this layout would suit me getting that content across.When I did the showtime draft and got it handed back, I realised I made some mistakes with me going off the point. The main point was not to attack Iraq but I sometimes talked about other countries. This faculty have confused the readers and one more thing is that on the title it reads Making you be heard but this isnt true as I am expressing my own personal opinions so I changed that title to Getting the Point Across instead.The article improved much from the first draft I did, the sentences were longer and had around 1600 for the last one which was way over the limit so now I have near halved it. I also made it more newspaper like because the last design I had lacked an attractive heading. The structure of this article was made to readiness out more like a newspaper as possible. I gave the newspaper a big title along the top, the writing was all in columns, some relevant pictures were included and so were the dates and price.I gave the reasons not to attack in bullet points at the beginning and rounded it all up with a conclusion which was called Real Reasons. The pictures used were there to make the newspaper look more colourful instead of having just schoolbook in there. One of the pictures was some soldiers but you could only see their shadows with rifles in the arms which look un-welcoming, another is a picture of Osama Bin Laden. He is the most wanted man on Earth and a spile of people recognise him so the article would stand out more. account book count 772 without header and footer